Difference between revisions of "Guerrilla VoIP"

Revision as of 10:05, 23 October 2018

Project: Guerrilla VoIP
Featured:	No
State	Active
Members	xopr
GitHub	No GitHub project defined. Add your project here.
Description	low cost communication node
Picture

synopsis

Create a low cost communication node (with VoIP as a base), trying to connect as many as possible types of links, for example:

copper/fibre/WiFi network
DECT/POTS/GSM telephony
SIP/SCCP
HAM radio (or preferrably, CB radio: 27MC/PMR)
copper/WiFi/USB uplink

It also could need some of the following functionality:

PoE service (to drive phones, remote switches/accesspoints)
battery supported/powered (in case of power failures/lack of power)
Efficient power converter(s) when running on battery
sturdy compact waterproof casing

Guerilla VoIP in active use (as a temporary set up of the space phone)
After my setup was running, I came across a real world example: a defense set-up. I found the similarities hillarious.

implementation

The current version has:

ammo box
7Ah SLA battery
banana/screw terminal
weatherproof ethernet outlet
12-volt cigarette lighter receptacle
3D printed insert
fuse box
switches for device targeting power and power state preview
Netgear GS110TP (8xPoE + 2xSFP)
a couple Telephone system:Cisco PoE hack cable

todo

upload models and schematics
3D print inlay for Switch/PI holder
install fuses and crowbar circuit
install state leds
install step-down converter 12->5V
install step-up converter 12v->48V
Raspberry PI or Orange PI
NL dialplan (FS/Cisco)

prototyping

hardware

connectivity/infra

HW	price range	voltage	power consumption	copper/Gbit	PoE	fibre	VLAN	2.4GHz	5GHz	DSL	ISDN	POTS	DECT	USB
Fritz!Box 7270	€ 50-213	5.5-15v	4.3W - 5.3W	4/0			?	✓	✓	✓	✓	2×FXS / 1×FXO	5 (6?)hs	1×2.0
GL-Inet	€22-30	5v	1W	2/0			✓	✓						1×2.0
TP WR-703n	€17-25	5v	1W	1/0			✓	✓						1×2.0
Netgear GS110TP	€126-140 (€99.64)	48v	4W	8/8	8	2	✓
TP Link TL-SG108PE	€65	48v	5.2w	8/8	4		✓
Siemens Gigaset N510 IP PRO	£53.94 (€65.39)	6.5v	1.2-1.3W	1/?	✓		✓						6hs,4sc

hard phones / ATAs

HW	price range	voltage	power consumption	copper/Gbit	PoE	VLAN	SIP	lines	extensible	tested on FreeSWITCH
Cisco 7905	€ 10-50	48v		1/0	✓		✓	1(?)		✓
Cisco 7910		48v		1/0	✓	✓		6(?)		✓
Cisco 7940/7960	€ 10-50	48v	5W	2/0	✓	✓	✓	2/6	✓	✓
Cisco 7941/7961		48v		2/2(?)	✓	✓	✓(?)	2/6	✓
Avaya 4620SW		48v		2/0?	✓	✓(?)	✓(?)	?	✓
Linksys PAP2T		5v	10W	1/0	✓		✓	2×FXS		✓
Sipura SPA3000		5v	7.5W	1/0	✓		✓	1×FXS 1×FXO		✓

some power tests

hardware

hardware	power source	U	I	P_approximated
two Raspberry Pis, step down	drill battery pack	12.6V^[1]	330mA	2×2W
Cisco CP7940, step up	drill battery pack	12.6V^[1]	360mA - 450mA	5W
Fritz!box (wifi off), direct	lab power supply	12V	360mA (idle) - 440mA (42% - 52%, top ~880mA)	4.3W - 5.3W
Fritz!box (wifi off), direct	lab power supply	15V	250mA (idle)	3.8W
Netgear GS110TP PoE, step up	lab power supply	12V	330mA	4W
Netgear GS110TP PoE + Cisco CP7940, step up	lab power supply	12V	740mA	9W
Complete set: 2 RasPis, Fritz!box, switch, phone + cellphone charging	lab power supply	12V	2000mA	24W
	lab power supply	13.8V	1600mA	22W
cellphone charging	lab power supply			5W^[2]
A) Netgear, Pi, 7940, Gl.inet	SLA battery	12V		12W^[3]
B) Netgear, Pi, 7940, Gl.inet, Gigaset	SLA battery	12V		13.3W^[3]
C) Netgear, Pi, 7940, FritzBox	SLA battery	12V		16.3W^[3]

^[1] Approximated by calculating deviation from the lab power supply combined values, which was about 5% off 12V

^[2] Approximated by subtracting all calculated items from the complete setup

^[3] Approximated by just adding up individual items, using Netgear GS110TP PoE, Raspberry Pi, Gl.inet, Siemens Gigaset N510 and/or Fritz!box

solar panel and battery

Did some rough estimations with a 15 Watt solar panel (using a Unified Clear-Sky Solar Prediction Model script): on a good summer day it will yield 240W in 17 hours (slightly below 15 megajoule), and on a clear winter day it will yield 25W in 7 hours (630 kilojoule).

A 12v SLA battery is full with >12.85V, empty with 12.00V (at 25% capacity) and fully depleted at 11.80V. I came to the conclusion that the effective energy is about 9.5*Ah; given a 7Ah battery, this will yield about 66.5Wh.

Hiven the hardware setups described in the previous paragraph (note that these values are theoretical maximums):

scenario	battery run time	solar+battery run time (winter/summer)
A	5:30h	7:35h/25:30h
B	5:00h	6:55h/23:00h
C	4:00h	5:35h/18:45h

Cisco CP7940 running on a drill battery pack, shows 0.36A at approximately 12V
Complete Guerilla VoIP prototype running at 13.8V

interesting facts

Fritz!box has a switching regulator to 5V tested between 5.5V and 15V (drops off at 5.3V idle and elco at power supply segment is rated 16V)
PoE hack adapter connected pin 1 (white-orange) and pin 3 (white-green) with 22K resistor.
if the pre-standard CP-79x0 is connected using the PoE adapter hack, the Netgear GS110TP doesn't power, when you unplug it, it will enable power within 5 seconds; plug in, and the phone boots.
if you configure the administrative VLAN, the phone will fetch a DHCP lease on that VLAN, allowing you to seperately set up dnsmasq on a Raspberry Pi

inventory

Fritz!Boxes

7270 (ADSL2+, 1×USB 2.0, a/b, S₀ [FXO], 2×FXS, S₀-bus, n×DECT, 4×100Mbit, 2.4GHz or 5GHz, 64MB RAM)

7340 (ADSL2+, VDSL, 2×USB 2.0, a/b, S₀ [FXO], 2×FXS, n×DECT, 2×Gbit, 2.4GHz or 5GHz, 128MB RAM)

7340 (ADSL2+, VDSL, 2×USB 2.0, a/b, S₀ [FXO], 2×FXS, S₀-bus, n×DECT, 4×100Mbit, 2.4GHz and 5GHz, 512MB RAM)

DECT phones

2×Siemens AL28H

2×Siemens A420 (PsychiC has one)

2×Philips CD6552B

2×Philips CD1302S

1×Philips DECT1221S

1×Profoon PDX2900

+ what's not yet inventoried at the space

log and ideas

A list of ideas to consider:

modular 3D insert for different single board computers
extra network outlet (since a single one is more or less useless)
float or CC/CV charger, MPPT solar charger
external antenna mount
temperature monitor

Here is a log/some steps to reproduce:

get the basics

apt-get install vlan dnsmasq make curl

create and install FreeSWITCH

see https://freeswitch.org/confluence/display/FREESWITCH/Debian#Debian-BuildingFromSource

cd /usr/src
curl https://freeswitch.org/stash/projects/FS/repos/freeswitch/browse/build/Makefile.centos6?raw > Makefile

If you want to compile and install STABLE branch, edit the above Makefile and add " -b v1.4 " just after the word "clone".

make && make install

(you can kill time by doing the other chapters)

create user 'freeswitch', add it to group 'daemon' and change owner and group of the freeswitch installation

cd /usr/local
adduser --disabled-password  --quiet --system --home /usr/local/freeswitch --gecos "FreeSWITCH Voice Platform" --ingroup daemon freeswitch
chown -R freeswitch:daemon /usr/local/freeswitch/
chmod -R ug=rwX,o= /usr/local/freeswitch/
chmod -R u=rwx,g=rx /usr/local/freeswitch/bin/*

prepare VLAN

modprobe 8021q
lsmod | grep 8021q
echo 8021q >> /etc/modules
vconfig set_name_type DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD

set-up network and VLAN

vi /etc/network/interfaces

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0

# dhcp configuration, used in normal operation (this connects to your internet)
iface eth0 inet dhcp

# static ip configuration, used for stand-alone preconfiguring factory-reset phones
#iface eth0 inet static
#	address 192.168.6.1
#	netmask 255.255.255.0
#	gateway 192.168.6.1

# operational VLAN 11 (pick any), for usage with VoIP
auto eth0.11
iface eth0.11 inet static
    address 192.168.11.1
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    vlan-raw-device eth0

dnsmasq

vi /etc/dnsmasq.conf

# uncomment to enable dhcp server on eth0, used for stand-alone preconfiguring factory-reset phones
#interface=eth0
# operational VLAN 11 (pick any), for usage with VoIP
interface=eth0.11

# Choose different ranges for each (V)LAN
dhcp-range=eth0,192.168.6.50,192.168.6.150,12h
dhcp-range=eth0.11,192.168.11.50,192.168.11.150,12h

# Most likeley not needed
#option:tftp-server
#dhcp-option=66,192.168.6.1
#option:
#dhcp-option=150,192.168.178.16

# Enable dnsmasq's built-in TFTP server to serve config files
enable-tftp

# Set the root directory for files available via FTP.
tftp-root=/srv/tftp

Create the /srv/tftp directory and put the configs and firmwares in it. Here is a config generator you can put in there (sorry, can't provide the firmwares since "I don't have them").

service dnsmasq restart

or

/etc/init.d/dnsmasq restart

toggleconfig script

#!/bin/bash

restart_services()
{
  trap -- SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM

  service dnsmasq stop > /dev/null
  #nohup sh -c "invoke-rc.d networking stop; sleep 2; invoke-rc.d networking start"
  invoke-rc.d networking stop > /dev/null
  sleep 2
  invoke-rc.d networking start > /dev/null
  service dnsmasq start > /dev/null

  trap clean_up SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM
}

clean_up()
{
  # reset gpio pin and led
  echo "11" > /sys/class/gpio/unexport
  echo 0 > /sys/class/leds/led0/brightness
  echo none > /sys/class/leds/led0/trigger

  echo done
  exit
}

if [ ! -f /etc/dnsmasq.conf.regular ]; then echo "/etc/dnsmasq.conf.regular does not exist"; exit; fi
if [ ! -f /etc/dnsmasq.conf.config ]; then echo "/etc/dnsmasq.conf.config does not exist"; exit; fi
if [ ! -f /etc/network/interfaces.regular ]; then echo "/etc/network/interfaces.regular does not exist"; exit; fi
if [ ! -f /etc/network/interfaces.config ]; then echo "/etc/network/interfaces.config does not exist"; exit; fi

trap clean_up SIGHUP SIGINT SIGTERM

echo "11" > /sys/class/gpio/export
echo "in" > /sys/class/gpio/gpio11/direction

while true; do

  echo "regular mode"
  echo none > /sys/class/leds/led0/trigger

  # regular config files
  cp /etc/dnsmasq.conf.regular /etc/dnsmasq.conf
  cp /etc/network/interfaces.regular /etc/network/interfaces

  restart_services

  while [ `cat /sys/class/gpio/gpio11/value` -gt 0 ]; do
    echo 1 > /sys/class/leds/led0/brightness
    sleep 0.05
    echo 0 > /sys/class/leds/led0/brightness
    sleep 3
  done

  echo "config mode"
  echo "heartbeat" > /sys/class/leds/led0/trigger

  # regular config files
  cp /etc/dnsmasq.conf.config /etc/dnsmasq.conf
  cp /etc/network/interfaces.config /etc/network/interfaces

  restart_services

  while [ `cat /sys/class/gpio/gpio11/value` -le 0 ]; do sleep 3; done

done

preconfigure phone

Connect the phone directly using a (optionally crosslink) ethernet cable.
Power the phone, and hold # until the red (mute) light is off and the phone states: "Reset sequence detected"
type 123456789*0#, and when asked to keep network config, choose 2=no
once the new firmware is loaded (Freeswitch is not running, so it won't connect), press 'settings' (checkbox button at the bottom right)
go to Admin. VLAN ID
type **# to unlock the setting, and press 'edit'
type in your voice VLAN (11 like the configs say)
press validate, and save
dnsmasq and interfaces configs can now be restored (no dhcp on eth0, only eth0.11)
nohup sh -c "invoke-rc.d networking stop; sleep 2; invoke-rc.d networking start"

todo

work out 'modus operandi': multiple config files switchable by phone
work on dual linux config with GPIO hardware switch
test the fibre ports
add homeplug as a proof of concept
design and create (or buy) small-sized float charger (13.8V 2A) with overcurrent protection, if needed

links

Some random links:

@@ Line 95: / Line 95: @@
 === some power tests ===
+==== hardware ====
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! hardware || power source || U || I || P<sub>approximated</sub>
@@ Line 116: / Line 118: @@
 | cellphone charging || lab power supply |||||| 5W<sup>[2]</sup>
 |-
-| Minimal setup:<br/>(router+switch+Pi+phone) |||||||| 16W<sup>[3]</sup>
+|-
+| A) Netgear, Pi, 7940, Gl.inet || SLA battery || 12V ||  || 12W<sup>[3]</sup>
+|-
+| B) Netgear, Pi, 7940, Gl.inet, Gigaset || SLA battery || 12V ||  || 13.3W<sup>[3]</sup>
+|-
+| C) Netgear, Pi, 7940, FritzBox || SLA battery || 12V ||  || 16.3W<sup>[3]</sup>
 |}
 :<sup>[1]</sup> Approximated by calculating deviation from the lab power supply combined values, which was about 5% off 12V
 :<sup>[2]</sup> Approximated by subtracting all calculated items from the complete setup
-:<sup>[3]</sup> Approximated by just adding up individual items
+:<sup>[3]</sup> Approximated by just adding up individual items, using Netgear GS110TP PoE, Raspberry Pi, Gl.inet, Siemens Gigaset N510 and/or Fritz!box
+==== solar panel and battery ====
+Did some rough estimations with a 15 Watt solar panel (using a [https://github.com/apollo-ng/UCSSPM/blob/master/ucsspm.py Unified Clear-Sky Solar Prediction Model script]): on a good summer day it will yield 240W in 17 hours (slightly below 15 megajoule), and on a clear winter day it will yield 25W in 7 hours (630 kilojoule).
+A 12v SLA battery is full with >12.85V, empty with 12.00V (at 25% capacity) and fully depleted at 11.80V. I came to the conclusion that the effective energy is about 9.5*Ah; given a 7Ah battery, this will yield about 66.5Wh.
+Hiven the hardware setups described in the previous paragraph (note that these values are theoretical maximums):
+{| class="wikitable"
+! scenario || battery run time || solar+battery run time (winter/summer)
+|-
+| A || 5:30h || 7:35h/25:30h
+|-
+| B || 5:00h || 6:55h/23:00h
+|-
+| C || 4:00h || 5:35h/18:45h
+|}
 <gallery>

Difference between revisions of "Guerrilla VoIP"

Revision as of 10:05, 23 October 2018

Contents

synopsis

implementation

todo

prototyping

hardware

connectivity/infra

hard phones / ATAs

some power tests

hardware

solar panel and battery

interesting facts

inventory

log and ideas

get the basics

create and install FreeSWITCH

prepare VLAN

set-up network and VLAN

dnsmasq

toggleconfig script

preconfigure phone

todo

links

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